Dialogues in Virtual Environment Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Exchanges in Virtual Environment - Term Paper Example Various explores have been directed on the use of virtual conditions. Animesh et al.’s MIS QUARTELY depicted it as beneath. Virtual conditions allude to intelligent, head-referenced PC shows that are improved by exceptional preparing and nonvisual showcase modalities, for example, sound-related and haptic, they persuade clients that they are in a PC reproduced space. Associations taking a shot at virtual situations have a virtual group and office. The prominence of working in a virtual office is getting normal. Numerous organizations, associations, and foundations are not run from a focal office with set hours. The workforce in the current world is increasingly adaptable,. versatile, ideal and increasingly advantageous pattern with the assistance of the cutting edge convenient innovation and wifi. One can work in a café, in another state, in air terminals, beaches,...just to make reference to however a couple; all what they need is a PC and access to web to associate with wor k environment, customers and colleagues. As we’ve effectively expressed, associations may work with a virtual group on worldwide levels. These groups work self-rulingly with bearings from a director. The significant preferred position of these groups is that they attempt to amplify geographic gifts to concentrate on key components of the association. The business analysts accept that the virtual office will change the manner in which our economy fills in just as the idea of work. Telecommuting or spots where we are progressively agreeable applies less weight on people, which can antagonistically influence the nature of work being created. Exchange is a most significant defender of virtual office. It is progressively effective to maintain a strategic distance from superfluous gatherings, managing office gab, tattle and drives. Exchange bolsters a wide scope of utilizations of virtual situations in organizations, instruction, human services, government and diversion. The helpfu lness is in client care, selling, help work area, specialized help, and customized administration, preparing, training, site route and basic exchange frameworks. The virtual office includes space use, in any case, a the genuine application requires live correspondences or discourse. This is conceivable through different strategies. To begin with, laborers can utilize innovative PC phone combination programming, a voice message, mailing, conference space, and numerous different applications for correspondence. Frameworks Theory A lot of communicating, interrelated, and reliant segments that structure a mind boggling and a bound together entire is known as a framework. Frameworks are wherever model is practical offices in any association, the human circulatory framework, etc. They have a few characterizing attributes: First, every framework has a task to carry out inside a bigger framework. Second, all pieces of a framework must be available for a framework to do its motivations ideal ly. Third, system’s parts must be organized in a specific way, on the off chance that they are revised, the entire framework would experience difficulty executing its motivation. Fourth, Systems change because of a criticism, lastly, they keep up their parity by making changes dependent on the input (Pokharel, 2011). Frameworks hypothesis, in this manner, is a trans disciplinary investigation of frameworks by and large, regardless of their sort, type, or nature of presence. It centers around the relations and game plan of parts which interface them into an entire instead of decreasing an element into parts like organs or cells. Frameworks hypothesis as a trans disciplinary investigation tends to an issue paying little mind to teach in differing fields like building, science, humanism, brain research, and hierarchical hypothesis. There are two forms of frameworks hypothesis: shut frameworks and open frameworks. Shut frameworks started in old style material science which manage s generally barely any factors. Its cutting edge form is exemplified by

How Does Advertising Effect People Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

How Does Advertising Effect People - Essay Example As the article proclaims in the antiquated time ‘word of mouth’ was the most famous method of commercials, today with the intercession of media and web, ad has become a simple and mainstream method of giving data. Promoting effectsly affects individuals, it changes their forthcoming on what is, and what isn't, worth purchasing, what they purchase and when they get it. Promoting influences individuals in what they do and how they do it. This report focuses on that promoting alone, in any case, doesn't get clients. It basically gets consumers’ consideration, gets them to approach a rack, and make an indiscreet buy. Nonetheless, recovering the client requires a progressively imaginative showcasing approach. Today sponsors are into a greater amount of statistical surveying to investigate the consumers’ practices, likes, and abhorrences. The most well known strategy is tests and overviews, both when an item is presented. Phone reviews are normal. Alongside those, composed polls and tests, either distributed in stores or sent via mail, are viable tests to check whether customers like an item or not. Such sort of market looks into gives shoppers plentiful chance to advance their perspectives and furthermore encourages the firm to improve the item to fulfill the requirements of the purchaser. Organizations likewise check whether the promotions are being profitable by methods for looking at the cash made and n umber of deals during times of publicizing to those during a period of no promoting. A few organizations even permit normal buyers to see a business to get a reaction.

Marketing Practices of China Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Showcasing Practices of China - Research Paper Example The article from the Financial Times inspects the exercises of the HNA business gathering of China. The gathering is the principal venture organization from China to begin buying property around the globe. It enjoys buys across different parts going from the delivery business, lodging industry and carrier industry in different nations over the globe (Lemer and Rabinovitch 23). The organization has a great deal of capital and is progressively acquiring more property around the globe. The CEO of the gathering tells the essayist of the article that they will buy more organizations outside his nation. This will be on the grounds that the money related emergency around the world influences numerous organizations. They will buy those organizations which are under water since they will be modest to get (Lemer and Rabinovitch 24). The other speculation organizations in China possibly put their cash in common assets when contributing outside their nation. The company’s worldwide center comes after their seeing of development in their residential exercises (Luo 15). The business utilizes various showcasing methodologies and expert administration styles that bring it achievement. The organizations tentative arrangements are to spread their speculation exercises to different landmasses around the world, for example, Africa and the South American mainlands. The organization puts resources into a progression of businesses that have relations to each other. Their speculations are in different businesses running from the carrier business, the inn business, the transportation business and media outlets (Lemer and Rabinovitch 24). ... This will be on the grounds that the money related emergency around the world influences numerous organizations. They will buy those organizations which are under water since they will be modest to secure (Lemer and Rabinovitch 24). The other venture organizations in China possibly put their cash in regular assets when contributing outside their nation. The company’s worldwide center comes after their seeing of development in their residential exercises (Luo 15). The business utilizes differing advertising procedures and expert administration styles that bring it achievement. The organizations likely arrangements are to spread their speculation exercises to different landmasses around the world, for example, Africa and the South American mainlands. The organization puts resources into a progression of businesses that have relations to each other. Their ventures are in different enterprises running from the aircraft business, the inn business, the transportation business and me dia outlets (Lemer and Rabinovitch 24). The business knows about the worries and activities of their rivals and has measures to stop them. They intend to expand their interest in the money related and protection enterprises in nations that are eager to acknowledge their drives. Nonetheless, the executives asserts that they don't expect to put resources into nations where the systems are careful about their exercises. This they state won't be useful for their business exercises and won't likewise upgrade their development exercises. The administration of the business likewise asserts that every one of their exercises are done as per the current guidelines and guidelines (Lemer and Rabinovitch 23). The second article from Forbes magazine looks at the odds of progress for Chinese brands the world over. The creator expresses that their prosperity is reliant on the kindness they get

Syrian Refugees Essay Online For Free - Free Essay Example

Introduction The migrant crisis caused by the civil war in Syria has been reported as causing a migration crisis for Europe (Troianovski, 2015; BBC News, 2015). It is forecast that in 2015, Germany, a country which has a compassionate history of welcoming refugees, will receive 1.5 million asylum applications, double the 2014 level (BBC News, 2015). With a record influx, the government has made a commitment to spend an additional à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬6 billion to support the refugees; à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬3 billion to aid with housing and a further à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬3 billion for other expenses such as welfare benefits (The Guardian, 2015). These costs are being incurred while Germanys economy is in recovery following a recession and period of stagnation (Kollewe and Wearden, 2014), and critics are arguing that the refugees are a drain on the German economy (Froden, 2015; Scally, 2014). There is little doubt there are ongoing short term costs incurred providing for refuges; in addition to the 2015 refugee spending, the government has committed to provide an additional à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬4 billion in 2016, allocating regional states à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬670 per month for each refugee received (Reuters, 2015a). However, with initial estimates indicating only 450,000 expected arrivals (Reuters, 2015b), and economic forecasts indicating Germany could sustain an influx of up to 500,000 a year (Groden, 2015), the question becomes whether the support of the refugees is economically sustainable. In this context sustainability refers to the ability of the German government to continue with the current polices at the same level. Short Term Sustainability There are significant short term economic costs; in addition to the à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬670 per refugee per month supplied by the Federal Government for 2016 there are the addition local costs (Reuters, 2015a). The refugees arrive with little or no personal possessions and many may need medical attention after a long and arduous journey, as well as accommodation (DW, 2015). The German municipalities receiving the refugees already faced a housing deficit; a recent report indicated at least 400,000 houses needed to be built each year (EurActiv, 2015). The increase in refugee arrivals exacerbates the existing deficit (EurActiv, 2015). Therefore, a significant short term cost is associated with the provision of emergency housing needs (Wagstyl, 2015). There are also welfare payments, education, and the costs of processing claims. A recent assessment has indicated the total cost for municipalities was approximately à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬12,000 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬13,000 per refugee per annum, including the direct and indirect costs such as housing, healthcare, and administration (CW, 2015). This appears to be a significant drain on the short term resources, and intervention of the Federal government with further aid indicates that the costs are not sustainable at municipal level (Reuters, 2015a). The concept of the short term sustainability may also be impacted by public opinion, as the money provided comes from the public purse. In 2012 a survey of German nationals indicated that two thirds believe that migrants were a strain on the economy (Scally, 2014). This is often accompanied by local residents fears that migrants will take jobs from locals, driving down wages, as well as increased pressure on the public purse due to lower taxes, and increased demand for welfare payments to supplement low wages (Kerr and Kerr, 2013; Migration and Integration Research Department, (MIRD), 2005). If these perceptions are correct, then it would appear the current German policy towards refug ees is unsustainable. However, the perceptions are not necessarily accurate. Therefore, it is necessary to look at the longer term economic impact of the refugees on Germany. Long Term Sustainability There is little disagreement that the refugees will cause short-term costs. However, while fears regarding the long-term cost of refugees and migrants were highlighted in past research, with the perceptions of an ongoing net cost, general research appears to indicate immigrants, including settled refugees, frequently make positive net contribution towards the economies in which they reside (Kerr and Kerr, 2013; Brucker and Jahn, 2011; MIRD, 2005). The association with the short term situation of refugees, arriving with little, reliant on the goodwill of the state, is frequently assumed to continue (Jacobsen, 2005). However, after an initial settlement period, research indicates refugees are often positive contributors, finding long-term jobs and making net contributions towards the welfare state (Bonin, 2014; Jacobsen, 2005). In Germany, there are some additional long-term issues to consider. The existing German population is shrinking; Germany has one of the worlds lowest birth rates (Groden, 2015; Giugliano, 2015; Fitzenberger, Kohn, and Qingwei, 2011). This demographic pattern is leading to a disproportionate distribution of the population, with current official estimates indicating a shortage of younger workers to sustain the economy as older workers retire (Groden, 2015). Furthermore, the issue is not only a shortage of workers, but the crisis facing the budget and the state pension system. For example, it is forecast by 2060 there will only be two active workers to every one retiree (Groden, 2015). As the German pension system pays current pension claims out of current taxation, this exponentially increases the taxation burden on future generations (Evans, 2013). Therefore, the current demographic profile of Germany indicates that an influx of new young labour may prove significant in resolving an existing demographic imbalance in the current population (Groden, 2015). The issue is not only the influx of the younger labour, but the type of labour entering the market; different workers may generate different levels of economic value based on their skills (Jacobsen, 2005). Where refugees arriving have few skills, they have few job opportunities, often entering into low paid jobs, generating lower levels of tax (Kerr and Kerr, 2013; Jacobsen, 2005). This scenario leads to concerns regarding job loses for nationals, low wages, and competition for low paying jobs resulted in declining wages (Papastergiadis, 2013; Jacobsen, 2005). Displacement of existing workers and lower wages may result in negative economic impacts, reducing aggregate income and the tax receipts. However, while this may be a problem with reference to some refugees, it does not necessarily apply to all, as many refugees may have economically valuable knowledge and skills, from engineers and technicians through to drivers, builders, and service professionals (Papastergiadis, 2013). In past research profiling Syrian refugees, it was found a significant level have a wide range of skills and experience, with approximately 46% classified as semiskilled, and 12% as skilled (ILO, 2013). From this profile, there is a great potential for many Syrian refugees to make significant long-term contributions towards, but there are some significant unknown variables, the potential value may be influenced by the skill levels of the refugees (Bonin, 2014). In recent research undertaken by the Centre for European Economic Research for The Bertelsmann Foundation projections were made regarding the existing and potential impact of immigration on the German economy, bringing all these factors together, including the existing low birth rate, and consideration of the labour shortage and skills (Bonin, 2014). It was found that in 2012, the 6.6 million residents in Germany with foreign citizenship made a net contribution of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬147.9 billion surplus in taxes, after accounting for welfare transfers (Bonin, 2014). It was noted this surplus was created de spite a substantially weaker position of the foreign nationals in the labour market, when compared to German nationals (Bonin, 2014), an assumption which may be directly comparable to the current Syrian refugee crisis. Importantly, when assessing the long-term sustainability, the study found Germany needed immigration. Without any further immigration budget deficits would rise significantly to a level equating approximately 146.6% of the GDP by 2060 (Bonin, 2014). This would equate to a requirement for additional lump-sum contributions of approximately à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬1,082 per employee per year (Bonin, 2014). However, this deficit decreases with the presence of migrants (Bonin, 2014). It was estimated that if there were 200,000 immigrants per annum, where 20% of which had no skills, 50% medium skills, 30% high skills, rather than a deficit, the existing population would benefit by approximately à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬406 per annum (Bonin, 2014). In addition, it was noted that despite these calculations, an annual net immigration of 200,000 people would not be enough to reduce the existing problems associated given the current population patterns and demographic changes (Bonin, 2014). Therefore, it appears that not only is there the potential for the long-term policy for the Syrian refugees to be sustainable, but it would help to resolve an existing German problem (Groden, 2015; Bonin, 2014). Furthermore, when considering the long-term implications, it is not only the first migrant generation that should be considered, but the subsequent generations, where children gain a German education, skills, and themselves contribute towards the German economy, often gaining increased levels of skills compared to the previous generation, and gaining higher paying jobs (Papastergiadis, 2013). However, while it appears there may be some benefits, a greater insight to the outcomes and sustainability may be considered through an examination of previous experiences, looking at scen arios where Germany has already faced large influxes of refugees and migrants. Past Experiences Germany has a long history and culture of welcoming migrants and refugees. Drawing on past experiences may help to indicate the potential future outcomes. An influx of migrants was seen following the collapse of the Berlin Wall. In 1990, a total of 397,000 people entered into Germany, 37% from the former Soviet Union, 34%, and 28% from Romania (Glitz, 2012). Notably, in the context of the Syrian refugees, all of these countries were relatively low income, with a generally lower skill profile (Glitz, 2012). Within a period of fifteen years following the fall of the Berlin wall, more than 2.8 million people had migrated to Germany (Glitz, 2012). These migrants were not refugees, but individuals wanting to live in Germany, often as a result of German heritage (Glitz, 2012). The strategy of the German government was similar to the current approach; with the migrants allocated across different regions (Glitz, 2012). In the short term, one of the fears regarding a greater prevalence t o low skill work was observed, but it was also found that over time the level of skills of the migrant population increased, as in 1996 28.3% of the immigrant group were working in low skill occupations, but this decrease to 26.1% in 2001, with a corresponding increase in the semiskilled group, from 29% in 1996, to 31.5% in 2001 (Glitz, 2012). A significant concern has been the impact on German nationals jobs. Increased participants in the workplace, resulting in increased competition for jobs is likely to result in a degree of displacement. However, displacement was not as heavy as may have been expected; for every ten jobs taken by immigrants, only 3.1 jobs for local German residents were displaced (Glitz, 2012). This displacement rate of 0.31 to 1, corresponds with previous research, when Campos-Vazquez (2008) found a displacement ratio of 0.3. Therefore, there is a net increase in jobs with job creation. While there are jobs created, there was little evidence that the incr ease in the labour market resulted in any negative wage impacts, a finding which may have been influenced by the practice in German where wages are often determined through collective agreements (Glitz, 2012). However, Fitzenberger et al. (2011) did find a higher potential level of vulnerability to low wages for female workers in the non-unionised sectors. Likewise, small declines were found in the short term in the unskilled, non-unionised, labour market (De New and Zimmerman, 1994). However, while there were some wage decreases, the research of DAmuri, Ottaviano, and Peri (2010) highlighted the fact that the wage decreases impacted primarily on the migrants, with little impact on native workers. Brucker and Jahn (2011), sought to create a general equilibrium model for integration across the entire economy, concluding that an increase of 1% in the labour force immigration would result in a wage decrease of 0.1%, research findings that were also aligned with international studies fr om areas such as United States and United Kingdom. Overall, it has been concluded that this period of migration was beneficial. The MRID (2005) found that as a direct result of immigration in Germany, between 1988 and 2003, 85,000 new jobs were created, GDP was increased by 1.3%, and the public budget benefited from net contributions of between 25 million 35 million Deutschmarks per year. Conclusion The refugee crisis for Germany is creating short term costs, but may also create long-term benefits, with the potential for the refugees to become significant contributors to the economic well-being of Germany, increasing demand for goods and services, creating new jobs, as well as generating new tax revenues. This is particularly important for Germany, where there is an existing deficit due to the low birth rate, and recognise the need for immigration. Therefore, it may be argued that the current influx is beneficial, and that it is sustainable as current short-term costs may be seen as investment for the German future, to support not only self-sufficiency within the migrants, but the German economy as a whole. References BBC News, (2015), Germany faces 1.5 million asylum claims this year, from https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-34442121 Bonin, H, (2014), The Fiscal Effects of Foreigners and Immigration in Germany, from https://www.zew.de/en/news/2817/the-fiscal-effects-of-foreigners-and-immigration-in-germany Brucker, H, Jahn, E, (2011), Migration and wage-setting: Reassessing the labor market effects of migration, Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 113(2), 286-317 Campos-Vazquez, R M, (2008), The substitutability of immigrant and native labor: Evidence at the establishment level, Department of Economics, University of California, from https://doku.iab.de/fdz/events/2008/Vazquez2.pdf DAmuri, F, Ottaviano, G, Peri, G, (2010), The labor market impact of immigration in Western Germany in the 1990s, European Economic Review, 54(4), 550-570 De New, J, Zimmermann, K, (1994) Native wage impacts of foreign labor: A random effects panel analysis, Journal of Population Economics, 7(2), 177-19 DW, (2015), Refugee crisis to cost Germany 10 billion euros from https://www.dw.com/en/refugee-crisis-to-cost-germany-10-billion-euros/a-18696346 EurActiv, Morgan S, (trans.), (2015), Refugee influx tough on German housing market, from https://www.euractiv.com/sections/social-europe-jobs/refugee-numbers-tough-german-housing-market-317690 Evans, R, (2013), The Best Pensions in the World, The Telegraph, from https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/personalfinance/pensions/9902745/The-best-pensions-in-the-world.html Fitzenberger, B, Kohn, K, Qingwei, W, (2011), The erosion of union membership in Germany: Determinants, densities, decompositions, Journal of Population Economics, 24(1), 141à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"6 Giugliano, F, (2015), A short-term burden, refugees may yet boost sagging EU economy, Financial Times, from https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/6d9a2214-5df0-11e5-a28b-50226830d644.html#axzz3nyQvMBfSM Glitz, A, (2012), The Labor Market Impact of Immigration: A Quasi-Experiment Exploiting Immigrant Location Rules in Germany, Journal of Labor Economics, 30(1), 175-213 Groden, C, (2015), Heres why Germany is welcoming migrants with open arms, Fortune, from https://fortune.com/2015/09/08/germany-migrant-crisis/ International Labour Organisation (ILO), (2013), Assessment of the Impact of Syrian Refugees in Lebanon and the Employment Profile, from https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/arabstates/ro-beirut/documents/publication/wcms_240134.pdf Jacobsen, K, (2005), The Economic Life of Refugees, Boulder, CO, Kumarian Press Kerr, S P, Kerr, W R, (2013), Economic Impacts of Immigration: A Survey, Working Paper 09-13, Boston, Harvard Business School, from https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/09-013_15702a45-fbc3-44d7-be52-477123ee58d0.pdf Kollewe, J, Wearden, G, (2014), Eurozone growth figures: Germany narrowly avoids triple-dip recession, The Guardian, from https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/nov/14/germany-france-eurozone-gdp Migration and Integration Research Department, (MIRD), (2005), The Impact of Immigration on Germanys Society, NÃÆ' ¼rnberg, Federal Office for Migration and Refugees Papastergiadis, N, (2013), The Turbulence of Migration: Globalization, Deterritorialization and Hybridity, London, John Wiley Sons Reuters, (2015a), UPDATE 3-German government boosts funding to states for refugees, from https://www.reuters.com/article/2015/09/24/europe-migrants-germany-funding-idUSL5N11U30Z20150924 Reuters, (2015b), Berlin to double funding to states, cities to deal with migrants, from https://www.dw.com/en/berlin-to-double-funding-to-states-cities-to-deal-with-migrants/a-18512658 Scally, D, (2014), Germanys foreign-nationals give more than they take, says report, The Irish Times,from https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/europe/germany-s-foreign-nationals-give-more-than-they-take-says-report-1.2019357 The Guardian, (2015), Germany to spend extra à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬6bn to fund record influx of 800,000 refugees, The Guardian, from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/sep/07/germany-to-spend-an-extra-6bn-to-fund-record-influx-of-800000-refugees Troianovski, A, (2015), Migrant Crisis: Germany Gets Tough on Those Who Dont Qualify for Asylum, The Wall Street Journal, from https://www.wsj.com/articles/migrant-crisis-germany-gets-tough-on-those-who-dont-qualify-for-asylum-1443133537 Wagstyl, S, (2015), European Refugee Influx Leads to Temporary Housing Bonanza, Financial Times, from https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/668b4bd0-3b75-11e5-bbd1-b37bc06f590c.html

The Anorexia Relapse Prevention Guidelines - 1129 Words

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C.actually increase the hospitalization rates of residentsRead MoreOcd - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment131367 Words   |  526 Pagesgreater emphasis on cognitive factors might enhance a behavioral account of OCD can be traced back to Carr (1974), McFall and Wollersheim (1979), Rachman and Hodgson (1980), and Salkovskis (1985). Behavior therapy in the form of exposure and response prevention (ERP), which emerged in the 1960s and 1970s, proved to be a highly effective treatment for many forms of OCD. Behavioral research on obsessions and compulsions offered new insights into the pathogenesis of the disorder. Yet, by the early 1980s,

The Utilization Of Online Networking - 1621 Words

In this season of globalization, the world has transform into too little a spot because of the electronic media and entries. Correspondence has turned out strong as at no other time because of the coming of web. The long range informal communication destinations are picking up a considerable measure of ubiquity nowadays by the greater part of the informed youth utilizing either such site. These have assumed an imperative part in connecting limits and intersection the oceans and empowering them to convey on a typical stage. It has turned into a mainstream and a potential mean for them to stay companions with the current ones and to grow up their group of friends at any rate as far as associates. The utilization of online networking in†¦show more content†¦There are parcel of advantages of utilizing online networking as a part of business correspondence, as it spares cash of the association. Another gigantic point of interest online networking gives is the capacity to have mom entary client correspondence. It can target buyers by giving understanding into the necessities and needs of the clients. Online networking will take sufficient of work, time, and wary utilization of examination, duty and client administration (Altimeter Group (August 31, 2011)). Interpersonal organizations associate individuals with ease; this can be gainful for business people and little organizations hoping to grow their contact bases. These systems regularly go about as a client relationship administration apparatus for organizations offering items and administrations. Organizations can likewise utilize informal organizations for promoting as pennants and content advertisements. Since organizations work universally, interpersonal organizations can make it less demanding to stay in contact with contacts the world over. One illustration of long range interpersonal communication being utilized for business reasons for existing is LinkedIn.com, which means to interconnect experts. LinkedIn has more than 40 million clients in more than 200 nations. The advancement of new correspondence innovations that could be helpful every through fiasco merging around various media stage, for example, those offered by web online networking. The appearance of new

Human Resources management in Organisation - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Human Resources management in Organisation. Answer: Increasing global market is posing challenges to the Australian economy. It is altering the kind of jobs in the country. The Business council of Australia is focusing on the human capital development and in building the Australian comparative advantages. The aim of the human resource management currently is to develop the people to their full potential to keep Australia competitive, prosperous, and productive (O'Connor, Du Roos, 2015). The essay discusses the changing face of recruitment in Australia. In regards to this situation the essay discusses the recruitment and its importance to the organisation. The essay focuses on the recruitment trends, challenges and the opportunities for potential employees and organizations. The essay is supported with the human resource HR theories and models that are relevant to the employment relationship. Recruitment is important for every organisation. Taking into account the huge success of the Game of Thrones, it is clearly due to excellent collaboration of people. In this context, recruitment is the process of recruiting right person for right job for improving the organisational performance. It depends on the recruitment if a person has right skills set to perform a specific job. It is not only the part of the HR team to recruit people but also the responsibility of the line mangers. The importance of recruitment in HR management is to fill up the position with the right candidate using advertisement and any other means so that deserving candidates are not deprived of their dream job. It is the recent trend that big firms are buying the recruiting companies for instance, Oracle or SAP to select deserving candidate with high potential. Recruitment plays an important role in growth of the company. It helps in accumulating the pool of talent under one roof and avoid the last minute rush for mega projects (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). HR management plays a crucial role in defining the role which includes job analysis (output required by job holder or purpose of job), job description (expectation of employer), and specifying job profile to the right candidate. This stage is followed by attracting the employees by various internal and external methods. This process is important in checking the legal requirements fulfilled by the candidates and to recruit loyal candidates and those who can endorse the core values of the company. HR managers meet the present and future needs of the company by recruiting people. It helps in keeping the back up as there is always a chance that some people may leave in middle of the project. This helps maintaining the balance in the organisation while enhancing the value creation. The present market is highly competitive and without the right mix of the candidate it is difficult to win the competition. Hence, recruitment is very important (Budhwar Debrah, 2013). There are several new trends in the HR recruitment process. Automatic and Employee referral has become part of the recruitment since long time. This programme is effective in receiving applications from the talented candidates. It helps companies give enough talent. In addition, the consultancies are expert in digging the database of the employees to come up with deserving skills for specific position (Shwed Kalev, 2014). The latest trend in the human resource recruitment is investing cleverly in educating people about the world of work. In order to decrease the rise in unemployment among young workers and those at disadvantage there is a need to work well in terms of human capital. This includes investing excessively in the social networking sites other than traditional model of advertisement thorough newspapers, trade press, or commercial job boards. However, half of the employment in Australia is due to social media and employment agency. Recently, there is an increasing use of t echnology for managing the application process (Gibbs et al., 2015). Mc Donalds is using the new way of recruiting employees. Considering the fact that there is significant increase in use of social networking sites through smart phones, Mc Donald has decided to recruit tech-savvy people through snapchat. It just takes 10 minutes for job seekers to watch a video ad of the employees of Mc Donald sharing their experiences. Users can simply swipe in the app to be redirected to the carer webpage of Mc Donald for application. This process is named as snaplications an innovative market hiring tool. Using this technique Mc Donald in US has recruited 250,000 employees in this summer. The same method has been employed by the company in Australia. Additionally, Spotify and Hulu was also recruited to reach prospective and potential jobseekers (Fortune.com, 2017). Netflix too uses consumerisation process where it makes good recommendation knowing the movie tastes of it employees (Varela, 2017). Tinder helps them get new partners. People expect experience at work that is similar to that in home (Jackson et al., 2014). The strategic human resource management system of Australia aligns with the human capital theory. This theory states that the economic value of the organization increases by Human capital theory; employees experience, skills and knowledge (Kramar, 2014) Other strategies used by the HR managers are using internal recruitment plan, the local job centres and career fairs. Internal talent pool is recruited for providing career growth opportunities, employee retention and support succession planning (Jackson et al., 2014). For instance, half of the Mc Donalds managers were previously hourly paid employees. This organisation makes its each individual restaurant responsible for recruitment. This use of multiple strategies has helped many new youngers aged 16-24 in Australia to have first job at Mc Donald with more than 60% being recruited as crew member (Mc Donald's, 2017). This aligns with the European model of HRM as these strategies focus on relationship with employees and line managers (Kramar, 2014). It is increasingly becoming difficult to find highly skilled and competent people qualified at all levels. The recent trend in the employment process in Australia is everything being mobile, tradeable and labour. The people with high qualification and skills are moving to other places in the world. On the other hand the low skilled jobs are automated or move offshore (Tyers, 2015). The common challenges faced by the employees in Australia are lack of advancement in technology, poor communication by HRs and poor working environments. The high turnover rate is due to the transient nature of the workforce. Workplace discrimination regards to culture, age, gender and others are prominent issues in Australia. Some of the organisations like seven eleven stores recruited people but failed to fulfil the employee expectations. It is due to low wage, long hours of employment without incentives (Shields et al., 2015). Further, the major challenge is to due to one third of jobs in Australia that are not formally advertised. There is reliance on word of mouth in 17% of all jobs. Immigrants and refugees lack training and education (Kosny et al., 2017). The work experience model used by the employer is the work inspirations. It helps the employees gain a real world sense of being in the workplace. It creates awareness to the employees about the skills and the competencies expected by the employers. Many BCA members are taking initiatives to develop programs that include three day courses to tailored internships. Companies like Mc Donald and Microsoft work through discussion forums and activities with different staff members. They receive feedback and advice from the range of staff about the future career paths (Bakker, 2017). There is the need of such opportunities in the workplace which helps the young member participate in workplace to develop the employability skills. Such opportunities need to be created in partnership with schools, non-government organizations, and business. It is argued by Harteis Goller (2014) that work exposure, and other career learning opportunities must become the central part of the education and traini ng system. These kind of partnerships is evident from the Work Inspirations program coordinated by the Foundationfor Young Australians, NAB and The Smith Family. Future Employees can make more informed choices about their training and studies by reforming the way career learning is offered to the students and different job seekers. These training opportunities will help maximise the human capital. It should be ensured that those are able to work with the help of vocational education and training are supported by business, governments and community organizations (Budhwar Debrah, 2013). According to Webb et al. (2013), vocational education and training that is to be obtained by year 12 has been found effective in Australia in increasing higher rates of full-time employment, and lowering incidence ofunemployment. It is useful tool that leads to higher wages and higher status jobs for people. Partnership approach is the new and effective technique in reaching the disadvantaged job seekers. For instance, the BCA is collaborating with the Australian Councilof Social Service and the Australian Council of TradeUnions to improve the employment services. It is helping all the job seekers to be able to contribute to countrys economy and benefit from its growth. For instance, there is an increase in the indigenous workforce by 3500 people by the BCA member companies. Reconciliation Action Plans by both public and private improves opportunities for many more disadvantaged Indigenous jobseekers in Australia (Sheldon, P., Thornthwaite, 2015). It can be concluded from the above discussion that the organisations in Australia are changing the face of recruitment using the modern HR solutions. It can be concluded that a perfect blend of solutions such as solid core HR system, innovative methods, and payroll solutions might be most effective. There is no single determined strategy for increasing the employment. References Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Bakker, A. B. (2017). Strategic and proactive approaches to work engagement.Organizational Dynamics,46(2), 67-75. Budhwar, P. S., Debrah, Y. A. (Eds.). (2013).Human resource management in developing countries. Routledge. Fortune.com. (2017).McDonalds Is Using a New Method to Recruit Young Employees Snapchat.Fortune. Retrieved 19 December 2017, from https://fortune.com/2017/06/13/mcdonalds-snapchat-jobs-2/ Gibbs, C., MacDonald, F., MacKay, K. (2015). Social media usage in hotel human resources: recruitment, hiring and communication.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,27(2), 170-184. Harteis, C., Goller, M. (2014). New skills for new jobs: Work agency as a necessary condition for successful lifelong learning. InPromoting, Assessing, Recognizing and Certifying Lifelong Learning(pp. 37-56). Springer Netherlands. Harvey, W. S., Groutsis, D., van den Broek, D. (2017). Intermediaries and destination reputations: explaining flows of skilled migration.Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 1-19. Jackson, S. E., Schuler, R. S., Jiang, K. (2014). An aspirational framework for strategic human resource management.Academy of Management Annals,8(1), 1-56. Kosny, A., Santos, I., Reid, A. (2017). Employment in a Land of Opportunity? Immigrants Experiences of Racism and Discrimination in the Australian Workplace.Journal of International Migration and Integration,18(2), 483-497. Kramar, R. (2014). Beyond strategic human resource management: is sustainable human resource management the next approach?.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,25(8), 1069-1089. Mc Donald's. (2017). McDonalds innovative hiring process | #Snaplications. YouTube. Retrieved 19 December 2017, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abW_OSmDraA O'Connor, A., Du, K., Roos, G. (2015). The intellectual capital needs of a transitioning economy: a case study exploration of Australian sectoral changes.Journal of Intellectual Capital,16(3), 466-489. Sheldon, P., Thornthwaite, L. (2015). Employer and employer association matters in Australia in 2014.Journal of Industrial Relations,57(3), 383-400. Shields, J., Brown, M., Kaine, S., Dolle-Samuel, C., North-Samardzic, A., McLean, P., ... Plimmer, G. (2015).Managing Employee Performance Reward: Concepts, Practices, Strategies. Cambridge University Press. Shwed, U., Kalev, A. (2014). Are Referrals More Productive or More Likeable? Social Networks and the Evaluation of Merit.American Behavioral Scientist,58(2), 288-308. Tyers, R. (2015). Service Oligopolies and Australia's Economy?Wide Performance.Australian Economic Review,48(4), 333-356. Varela, D. R. (2017). The Netflix Experience: Reshaping the Creative Process: Cultural Co-Production of Content: A user-focus approach to recommendation algorithms. Webb, S., Beale, D., Faine, M. (2013).Skilled migrant women in regional Australia: promoting social inclusion through vocational education and training. National Centre for Vocational Education Research.

My Thoughts on October 11, 1491 by Ursula K. Le Guin free essay sample

After quickly scanning the poem, it is quite evident to me that it is an entailment of the struggles faced by the Native Americans in lieu of Christopher Columbus’ 1492 expedition, which inadvertently ended up in the Americas. I love how cautiously suspicious (and justifiably so) the narrator is of the newcomers in the beginning of the poem. It seems that the native peoples were only initially concerned with what superficial wealth might be lost to what they saw as mystical invaders. Did they not realize that the very fiber of their beliefs and society were about to go to pot? A bit further along in the poem we get a glimpse of this in what I believe is some of the most superlatively-crafted foreshadowing I have seen in quite some time. If you haven’t caught on by now, I am referring to the lyrics from the popular Christmas carol â€Å"I Saw Three Ships Come Sailing In†, which was written in BRITAN and published in, appropriately enough, 1666 C. We will write a custom essay sample on My Thoughts on October 11, 1491 by Ursula K. Le Guin or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page E. This poem, due to the fact that it accurately foretells the future, is written in the third-person omniscient form, from what I believe to be the perspective of a supernatural Native American entity of the time period. The usage of a phrase such as â€Å"You will see three ships come sailing in.† is evidence to the inevitable Western influence on the Native American social structure and system of beliefs. The narrator, being all-knowing, was unable to stop any of these negative things from happening to his/her peoples. This, I think, points to why we, as humans, are not all-knowing. â€Å"All knowing† is undoubtedly synonymous with â€Å"ever-worrying†; the narrator knows of the impending calamity and the sickening bastardization of his/her peoples’ culture that is soon to transpire, yet he/she remained utterly helpless. The question now is, was this poem a warning to the Native Americans or simply the resigned lamentations of the raconteur? I am inclin ed to believe that it is the latter. If this was a warning, history certainly doesn’t reflect such, given that the Native Americans were woefully ill-prepared for any outside influence, much less that of the ruthless Europeans. The narrator refers to the Native Americans as â€Å"you† throughout the overwhelming majority of the poem, yet in the second-to-last stanza, he uses the pronoun â€Å"we†, which to me is additional evidence to support my theory that the narrator is a somewhat supernatural entity, yet one whom is connected, to some degree, with his/her peoples. The fact that the narrator continually refers to the world as â€Å"young† and voice quite a number of concerns for how the foreigners will treat the earth, brings to my attention the deep, intrinsic respect that the Native American peoples had for their environment. Just imagine the total mental inability on the part of the natives to grasp the selfish, capitalistic, â€Å"What can I get f rom this monetarily?† attitude that the European â€Å"explorers† had towards it. I am also quite fond of how the narrator sees the world growing older as a direct result of the European â€Å"invasion†. The natives are completely oblivious to and other â€Å"world† than their own and it seems only natural that they would perceive it to be â€Å"young†, due to the fact that it is full of vibrancy and verve, just like a young person would stereotypically be. This type of oneness with nature is yet another indicator of their deeply rooted (ancestrally, no doubt) reverence for the earth. The aforementioned inevitability of the arrival of the Europeans and their subsequent abuse of the land and the Native American peoples, causes the narrator to elaborate on how his/her people will react to the situation. It is no coincidence to me that the narrator chooses to be short and sweet in doing this. This stanza is the last of the poem, and its to-the-point, y et emotionally riveting arrangement is, to me, tantamount with the initial contact between the Europeans and the Native Americans – the indigenous peoples were timorous yet hopeful , whilst the foreigners were quick and precise in their avaricious exploitation of the natives.

First Amendment

Free Speech /First Amendment Introduction There were times when people would be imprisoned for speaking out their minds. Speech is one form of communication of thought, ideas and beliefs. Without the freedom of speech people can be forced to accept things that are stated by the society.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Free Speech /First Amendment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In England for instance, during the 16th century Henry VII was taken to prison for speaking his mind, at the time it was a crime that was punishable by death. Freedom of speech allows personal ideas to be expressed freely; more so the freedom of speech in the United States governed by the first amendment of the constitution other than communication also covers public acts like parades demonstration, artist expressions and pickets. First Amendment in the United States constitution protects the freedom of speech (Tedford 123). Government condemnation and advocac y ideas that are not popular which people find without taste and against public policy for example racism and chauvinism are always unacceptable. Child pornography laws, Miller test for obscenity and speeches that may result to lawless actions are some of the exceptions in the general protection. In these areas there are limitations of free speech and other rights like rights of inventor and authors over their copyright. In US a graduated system is followed in regulating freedom of speech. In the First Amendment diverse types of regulation are subject to analysis in court challenges. Types of Speeches There are different types of speeches; the first is core political speech the most guarded form due to its communicative nature and its function to a republic that is functional (Mike 65). It is a speech about political issues and ideas that are not motivated by profit; the restrictions in this kind of speech must be well analyzed or else they can be struck down. Another kind of speech is commercial speech, in this kind it is not wholly protected although it is regulated by the state (Mike). There are some exceptions to freedom of expression. Many of these have been identified by the court and in many cases without controversy. Courts justified them as speeches which could harm the public or speeches that the fore fathers had no intention of protecting or just customs that had been part of common law tradition from England where the American legal system is derived. Exceptions Obscenity is one of the exceptions, according to the US Miller Test, obscenity is a test used by Supreme Court to determine if an expression or a speech can be termed obscene and whether it can be protected by the first amendment of the constitution (Tedford 124). This is speech that describes sexual conduct in very offensive way and it can also be described as pornography.Advertising Looking for critical writing on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15 % OFF Learn More Defamation is another exception and consists of publication of report of a fact that is untrue and can harm the reputation of another person. The freedom of expression has restrictions where ones expressions can harm the reputation of another person. An allegation of fact is a requirement in defamation that is false while the expression of an opinion is not defamation. Right to pornography This topic on pornography has had a lot of discussions in the United States for many years. For people would want the legislation to regulate it and would also like to have software that would filter it. The greatest problem is that it is not easy to make laws that would go against it because by doing so someone would be challenging the first amendment. In any case so many issues have been raised that include claims that it demoralizes women and its filthy to be seen by the children. The main question is whether pornography is really harmful (Emerson). There are so me reasons why the government finds it difficult to put restriction on pornography. In social theory and in practice Emerson states that there is no enough reason as to why some people would find some material unpleasant and try to give restrictions on those materials (Emerson). In order to have restrictions on such materials there is need to have appropriate ground to make such laws so as to prevent the distribution of pornographic material because by looking at it from any perspective it is against the laws of free speech as outlined by the first amendment. There is disagreement among traditional liberal defenders regarding discarding the principles of legal paternalism and legal moralism mostly in cases where people above eighteen year are concerned (Emerson). This does not mean that they approve obscenity they actually find it offensive and mindless. Most people admit that the major function of pornography is to cause sexual arousal to viewers which can be regarded as low value speech. This is a speech that does not contribute anything that is artistic, intellectual, literal or of any political merit to the social and moral environment (Emerson). On the contrary it does not mean that it need not be protected. It is strongly believed that mature and healthy adults are free to pursue their own pleasures privately and that the opinion of others on whether it is right or wrong to do so is intrusive or uncalled for. The implication is that what many find moral should not be allowed in law to hold back rebellious minority opinions so as to force their moral beliefs on others.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Free Speech /First Amendment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Today the first amendment that protects freedom of speech is viewed by many liberals as a fundamental right that cannot be regulated by government. But it is acceptable and expected for the State to intervene and regulat e speech when it is used to cause harm. There is no known way for determining the harm caused to others so as to justify what legal action that should be taken in case of such speech. To arrive at a decision whether or not to restrict speech in such a case, the nature and impact of harm caused is weighed against the interest of those involved (Emerson). This is then compared to the benefits and costs of an alternative policy that should be undertaken. If any speech goes against the interest of the majority of the public and its benefit minimal it should be restricted. Conclusion The first amendment is of great importance since without it, citizens in the US would not be given a chance by the US government to be heard. For democracy to change and grow the citizens should be allowed to voice their ideas. Without the first amendment there would be no words in music, it would also be difficult to print publications freely, there would be no going to groups and attending organizations an d lastly everyone would belong to the same religion. Without the first amendment US could be very corrupt since there would be no press which serves the function of a watchdog. This is because the five fundamental freedoms which are essential and accomplished through the amendment would not be possible. Work Cited Mike, Godwin. â€Å"Defending Free Speech in the Digital Age†. New York: Times Books. 1998. Print. Tedford, Thomas. â€Å"Freedom of speech in the United States†. Carbondale: Southern Illinois, 1985. Print. Emerson, Thomas . Toward a General Theory of the First Amendment.†The  Yale Law Journal Company, 14.2 (1963): 123-132.Advertising Looking for critical writing on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Investigation of corporate governance characteristics Essay

Investigation of corporate governance characteristics - Essay Example It is significant to find out whether companies are adhering to or not to such formulated rules and practices in their day-to-day corporate governance practices. There has been a tendency not to follow the stipulated guidelines (Berglà ¶f & Claessens 2004). The two Australian companies listed on the Australian Security Exchange (ASX), namely Aditya Birla Minerals and Adelaide Resources can be a good example to check their corporate governance characteristics, their strategies, policies, and practices. Both the companies are into mining and exploration activities. Aditya Birla Minerals (ABM) is running its operations at the Nifty copper operation in the Pilbara region, northern Western Australia, and the Mt Gordon copper operation in northwest Queensland, Australia. Adelaide Resources is into mineral exploration for Gold, Copper, and Uranium deposits. Both the companies have disclosed their governance strategies, policies, and practices in their annual financial reports available on their company websites. As per the Aditya Birla Minerals’ corporate governance statement given in the final annual report 2007-08, the company board has developed policies and practices relevant with the ASX recommendations as well as changes incorporated according to specific conditions. The board of directors of ABM provides strategic direction and effective governance over the company’s affairs. The board also monitors the implementation of its policies, practices, and strategies. It checks compliance with regulations. Hindalco being its block shareholder, the appointment, evaluation, remuneration, succession, and removal of the chief executive officer is decided on the nomination of Hindalco. Selection and appointment of directors is made by the board in the best interests of the company stakeholders. There are six members in the board, out of which three have to be independent non-executive directors, as per the charter of the board. A director can hold either of

Lucretius Short Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Lucretius Short Paper - Essay Example nological revolution brought out civilization depressed and stressed human beings, and I claim that if we are to lead a happy life, we should follow the concept of Epicurus – to free our mental and psychological distress from the mind in order to restore the connection with the inner self and with the nature. The Epicurean standpoint about the highest good in life is pure pleasure, both literary and figuratively, and it does not involve either psychical or psychological pain. Jones (1989) states that as a moral reformer, Epicurus’s concepts for happy life were based on his understanding of the natural world which surrounds us and on the beliefs that there is a relationship between human body and soul. â€Å"Many people pursue philosophy for the sake of (wealth or reputation) as though they will obtain these things from private persons of kings who come to believe that philosophy is some great and costly possession. But we have not hastened to undertake the same study so that any of the above rewards should come to us also, but so that we may be happy, gaining possession of the end and purpose of life sought by nature (Philosophy 304, 2008, Dr. Alexander, 24).† Mans unhappiness stemms from his own vain desires to possess knowledge, goods and people. However when people are unable to find comfort in the material possessions they are unhappy. Thus, people surrounded with technological innovations who do not find them pleasurable any more end up being unhappy. The supreme good for Epicureanism is the absence of pain from the body and the soul. People nowadays have mainly soul troubles. Epicurus concluded that "freedom from pain in the body and from trouble in the mind" is the ultimate aim of a happy life (Epicurus cited in Clay 1983, 65).† The Homeric outlook about happy life can be best described by the story of Odyssey. After the end of the Trojan War, he was supposed to go home. However, his homecoming has been delayed for ten years due to the anger of the

Love, Fear, Sexuality and Society Essay Example for Free

Love, Fear, Sexuality and Society Essay The dawn of the 16th century, brought with it the evolution of great knowledge, an era of enlightenment, with not only the new growing social lifestyle of people but also the evolution in their thinking. The idea of love and fear therefore was the one established and molded into a new sculpture by the revolutionist and philosophers; and how we know the right and wrong today is what was established through the writings of these intellectuals’ years ago. Founder of political sciences of the 15th century, Niccolo di Bernardo dei Machiavelli, was an Italian born writer, philosopher, and politician; who through the strength of his pen and intellect was able to give the world a new perspective of the never dieing entity, love and hope. As a man of Renaissance, while holding a high political position, his writings are also a combination of his deep political thought and insight. He is most famous for his short novel, The Prince, which is his realistic approach towards the political discourse of that time period, exhibiting the advance towards power. â€Å"The Prince,† originally written in 1513 (however got published in 1532), is known as a political treatise, for its formal exposition of the ideology of political affairs. It is usually alluded to being called as a piece of act which represents the word â€Å"Machiavellian,† which refers to the playing politics in a ruthless way in order to retain power and position; moreover many critics have also states the story to be satire. The novel is a form of guide for a ruling or an expected prince, of how he can attain his throne, and then make sure that he remains in power and control. The idea of attaining the power is placed as crucial and primary to all, even where principality comes secondary to its approach, which he does so by dictating old examples of rulers, and making his own generalizations and hypothesizes upon them. According to Machiavelli, the first moral of ruling is to have an economically and politically stable country, and then it is upon the ruler as to how he would protect it even if the ways used by him were cruel, they remained justifiable as long as they kept her power sustained. The main purpose of the book was to explain Machiavelli’s ability and knowledge in politics, not promoting love and prosperity between powers, but rather working by conquering people’s fear and force. There are various themes discussed by the author in the book such as military and defense, which are the prerequisites of a firm state, having a fortified and well protected area, with no help being taken from allies as that would be a burden of favor, and stand brave in the battlefield. The book quite rigidity states that attributes such as mercy, religiousness, and principality, are good virtues too possess, but are not for a prince to adapt, as he at times has to work against them in order to defend his land. Also that a prince is better at being known as a miser than as a generous ruler, as it would weaken his economic status as well as bring grief upon people with larger taxes, thus having a bad reputation would be better than rather ending up with nothing. In answering to the idea of love and fear Machiavelli states that â€Å"it would be best to be both loved and feared. But since the two rarely come together, anyone compelled to choose will find greater security in being feared than in being loved. † (Machiavelli, Chapter 17, pp 60) He believes that commitments made under fear, are always kept firm; while a prince should also be careful that he is not feared to the point of hatred. Creating fear within the commandment of an army is necessary in order to gain their respect, and it should be brought upon the garrison even if the prince has to turn towards cruelty. Through the book the author emphasizes the fact that the only power which kept a prince from winning over his land and also his people is actually his ability to rule, rather than his fortune. He dictates the examples of Hannibal and Scipio Africanus; Hannibal who maintained a strong fear throughout his army, which consisted of soldiers of various races, and it was this fear of his which kept the army sturdy and united through out his reign; while Scipio, no matter had great abilities but is famous for the mutinies and trouble he had to face from the side of his own army. Virtue for Machiavelli did not carry a moral tone but it was rather based upon skill, courage, physical and mental capacity. However, in chapter of 8 of his book, the author mentions that no matter cruelty is important for governance but it should be properly utilized to attain a goal, but if it is made repetitive and arouses constant fear amongst the citizens then the prince does not contain any ability. It is not necessary for him to be loved, but he should be close enough to his people that he is not even hated, and thus requires both wisdom and courage; and above that the peripheral point should be established by which the prince is feared but not hated. And who could understand the complexities and the queries of life in a more powerful than the searcher of the nature, Plato, one of the greatest Greek philosophers. Born in 427 BC in Athens, Plato was the student of Socrates, and had his theories as an explanation and an elaboration of those presented by his master. Most of his writings are found in the form of a dialogue between him and Socrates, discussing numerous fascinating topics. Gorgias, is one of the most famous dialogues written by Plato, in which he defines a man’s virtuously right and proper nature. (Plato, 1994) It is believed to be a transitional dialogue, in which Plato represents Socrates teachings towards him in an indirect manner. This dialogue is seen to be carried out between Socrates, Gorgias and Callicles who are both rhetoricians, Pollus and Chaerephon who are both philosophy students; and the dialogue begins from Socrates side to prove the rhetoricians for being only people of sheer words. This dialogue is famous for the themes which it carries such as that of morality, philosophy and spirituality; forms into a debate between truth and falsehood. Socrates in his dialogue proving refutation explains that it is worse to inflict evil upon somebody rather than being an innocent victim of it and the most, unhappy man of the world would be the one who doesn’t meet his just punishment. While the best cure for an evil man would be when he meets his justice; paying for his sins. He believes that a wrong doer should be left on his own, his body to rot in the pain of his own guilt; and only with time when he realizes his guilt would his sins be forgiven and he move towards becoming a better and stronger person; no matter the rhetoricians disagree with his thought, as they believe that such treatment would be doing more evil than benefiting for good. Socrates ends the dialogue by explaining that on the Day of Judgment, man would be scrutinized and judged naked so that there are no hindrances for what he truly is. He believes that the evil doer’s body would be brandished by their sins, and they would be identifiable. According to Socrates, in the dialogue a mans virtue should be his ultimate goal, which should be based upon principles, and truth; while those who tend to love their own self alone and indulge in self pampering, are the selfish ones, as their self gratification would never cease but would only continue to get bigger with hunger of power and indulgence. Creating fear and causing pain to others is the greatest evil, as identified by Plato; and becomes the most significant theme of most of Plato’s writings because of the unjust and evil death of his teacher Socrates; which destroyed his vision of the truth and its enhancement in nature. The dialogue however, concludes by declaring virtue as the â€Å"good life,† which can only be attained via the compliance of principles and correct behavioral methods. Both the books â€Å"Prince† and â€Å"Gorgias,† believe in the achievement of power, not only to gain a greater control but also to satisfy and pamper one’s own self; and agree to the fact that once in power. An individual might stray from principality and truth for long term benefits seen at a larger scale; but should refrain from evil as it would create hatred as well as lead to god’s in the life of Hereafter. However when Machiavelli describes the attainment of power as man’s vital goal, Plato believes into its attainment but to a certain level alone could one sacrifice his principles to achieve it; after which he would be nothing but an evil dweller, increasing his part of sins. Both the writings show the difference between the thought of a politician, who take s the world in more of a materialistic manner, and that of a philosopher who takes a deeper look into things and does not talk about an individual alone or his unitary life; but talks about all the third parties affected by his actions and his spiritual life which would also be affected by his balance of truth and falsehood. Compare and describe the relationship between sexuality and society in the authors read so far. Writers since centuries have talked about how sexuality and society work together, complimenting each other, which evolve gradually with the society giving more leverage and promotion at an open arena to sexuality, as it grows wider and is able to compensate more liberal point of views openly. â€Å"Don Juan,† is a classic story which has been told and retold since centuries; its legendary tale being changed and evolved with the evolution of time, it has seen changes according to the prevailing circumstances and the notions of the writers who dwelled with its story line. Don Juan, as announced by the Spanish or Don Giovanni as told by the Italians, is the tale of a social libertine, an individual who has given of all the norms and rights of the society, such a person who does not believe into the limits of religion or morality. The legend of Don Juan talks about such a person who indulges himself into the pleasure of seducing women and enjoys winning over them. One day, Don Juan meets the dead spirit of the father of a girl he has seduced; casually and not knowing it he invites him to his house for dinner. In return to this compliment, the father invites Don Juan to his graveyard for dinner, when he accepts the invitation and extends his hand to the spirit, pulls him into the grave and takes him into the bottomless pit of hell, where he is to burn in the redemption for his unforgivable sins. The oldest version of Don Juan to be placed in writing is believed to be written by Tirso de Molina, by the name El burlador de Sevilla y convidado de piedra. Later a revised edition was written by Moliere, in 1665; who was also made to make continous ammendments by the critics, who took as a largely shameful act; and was not until 1185, that the orignal play was allowed to be acted without censorships. However, the society at that time failed to accept the play, as they found it too liberal and outspoken, which broke the barriers of religion and offended the prestiege of the king. Thus it laid down as least cost effective, and as the protagonist himself is portrayed as a catholic, thsu it further offends the teaches of the church by portraying them as hypocrates and evil doers. On the other hand, the representation of Don Juan in that era represents how sexulaity was missed used even in those times, but hardly any writteen record is seen because of the fact that the rulers didn’t want any such tales to be spoken of openly; theey were then brought under the case of adultery. Don Juan, also is the symbol of evil, a womanizer who cannot attain his forgiveness, he has sined so much in his life that even his good deeds are shadowed by his hypocrite nature. Every action of his holds insincerity and cannot be forgiven, and when eventually it is symbolised that he has been taken into the hell, it shows that the world did not contain any less painful avenge for him; and his death brought peace to all the woman who had suffered because of his flimsy character. Therefore by the story of Don Juan, conceived in the early 17th century, it can be seen that sexuality was miss used even in that time period but the society perferred to keeep it hidden and secretive, burrying such evil facts and tales which spoke against the religious and moral norms of the ruling powers. Evil of the society was thus only a hushed talk in those times. â€Å"The Prince,† a guide for the rulers of the world written by a government official of Florence, Italy, Niccolo Machiavelli, in the 16th Century; helps us know today of how gravely was the impact of politics and the attainment of power and prestige in the lives of people of that era. As the book states different tips and ways in which a prince could govern his kingdom in thee most efficient way winning both his commandment upon army and his position. Machiavelli also believed that gaining love from his people was not the most important part of ruling; a prince could never be too generous and lenient with his folk; however it was of vital importance that he managed his fear upon them so that he would respect him and treats him with the power and gratitude that he deserves. A ruler was not always successful through his inheritance or his economic strength; but he was turned into a symbol of esteem through his ability; which not only shined in his character but also was represented by the society which he ruled. Thus the prince held great responsibility for his own self and the lives of all those, whose protection was sworn onto him. To take even a deeper analysis into the lives of the people of the 16th century, we might take a look into the analysis of the book â€Å"Leviathan,† written by Thomas Hobbes in 1660. After looking through the time via the perspectives of a story teller, and then a politician, we take into the account of the era through the notions formed by a political philosopher; this book did not only establish a political thought in the minds of thee people but was also significant enough in influencing and establishing the entire Western political philosophy and laying down the perspective for the social contract theory. The book was first written by Hobbes at the time of the English Civil War, where he saw chaos and trouble through out the society. In such times Hobbes believed that the only thing which could keep the community together would be a strong unified governing system which would act as a central body in decision making, keeping away the evils of chaos and civil misbehavior. The theory represented by Hobbes believes that if man is left without a government to live in a free market, operated by no restrictions, then he lives the life of nature, whereby everything is free for anybody, which in the long run would lead to war, poverty, frustration and hatred. To prevent this, a social contract needs to be established which would establish a civil society, and distribute the scarce resources in a much more efficient way. This is a form of a commonwealth, which would help establish a protected civil society. The book can be divided into four parts, whereas the one which represents the society and its relation to sexuality is book one, â€Å"of Man. † Chapter 6 of this book discusses the theme of the involuntary emotions which arise inside a human being, over which he holds no control, known as passions. He describes these motions of man as animal instincts, categorizing them as â€Å"vital,† and â€Å"voluntary. † Vital being those which formulate the metabolism and are innate, while the later are those which man learns with the course of his life. He by this formulates the idea that human nature is actually a by product of his metabolism. His innate motions form desires known as endeavors, which raise love and hatred in man, which then form an aversion in a human being. While some of these desires are born with man, while some re learnt so with time and experience, and it is then from these appetites and aversions that passions arise which are known to be specific to human nature, of which those which qualify to be his appetite are those things that he likes, while those which fall into his aversions formulate his hatred and are evil. Then Chapter 11 and 13 of the book describe how manners differ in human beings and how he would respond to his conditions of misery. Hobbes further here describes how power in man could be self created and that which is instrumental attained from his society. However a man may differ from another due to his different manners which come from his ability to negotiate between power and fear; and it is through this knowledge that the society can in the end attain peace; when fear originates from ignorance and a person’s lack of foreseeing the future. Hobbes then concludes this part of his book with the thesis that when a human being lives in a society without any social contract, at that time he is living in a â€Å"state of nature,† and when a society is bent into such a living then it is nothing more than just a flake of imagination having no true existence. As Thomas Hobbes states: â€Å"In such condition, there is no place for industry . . . no Culture of the Earth; no Navigation . . . no commodious Building; no instruments of moving . . . no Knowledge of the face of the Earth; no account of Time; no Arts; no Letters; no Society; and which is worst of all, continual fear, and danger of violent death; And the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short. (Chapter 13) References Fort, A. ,B. and Kates, H. , S. 1935 Don Juan or The Stone Death. Minute History of the Drama. New York: Grosset Dunlap. p. 47. Retrieved on Nov 27, 2007 from. http://www. theatrehistory. com/french/donjuan001. html Hobbes, T. (1651) The Leviathan. London: Andrew Crooke. Chapter 13 Machiavelli, N. (1908). The Prince, (1513). ed. W. K. Marriott. London: J. M. Dent and Sons, Pp 60. Plato. (1994) Collected Dialogues. eds. Edith Hamilton and Huntington Cairns. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Chaucers Canterbury Tales :: essays research papers fc

The Canterbury Tales is a great assortment of stories written by Geoffrey Chaucer. Each individual story is told by a pilgrim from the voyage to Canterbury. â€Å"The Prioress’ Tale† was a Miracle of the Virgin story, told by the Prioress. Another tale is â€Å"The Nun’s Priest’s Tale† which is a Beast Fable. Then there is â€Å"The Pardoner’s Tale†, which is an Exemplum. The genres of The Canterbury Tales help shape the entire story.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In â€Å"The Prioress’ Tale†, the Virgin Mary, Mother of Jesus, miraculously aids a follower in the time of need, which is also known as a Miracle of the Virgin tale. A few quotes from the tale support this, one is the following: â€Å"Where he lay face upright with throat slit, began to sing ‘Alma Redemptoris’ so loud, that all the place began to ring† (Chaucer 291). The little boy’s throat had been slit, but since the Virgin Mary had placed the grain on his tongue, he was still able to sing until the grain was taken away. Since the story shows the miracles that can happen when a follower is in the time of need, and how the Virgin Mary guides the follower, it proves that â€Å"The Prioress’ Tale† is a Miracle of the Virgin.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An Allegory â€Å"is the representation of ideas or moral principles by means of symbolic characters, events, or objects† (Stein 150). The little boy in the story is compared to Jesus, the son of the Virgin Mary. Throughout â€Å"The Prioress’ Tale,† she tells of the Jews and uses a allegory, and compares Jesus’ death to the little boy’s. â€Å"My throat is cut to my neck-bone,† said this child, â€Å"and according to nature, I should have died, yes, a long while ago; But Jesus Christ, as you find in books, wills that His glory endure and be remembered; and, for the majesty of His Mother dear, yet may I sing ‘o Alma’ loud and clear† (Chaucer 294).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Nun’s Priest’s Tale† is a Beast Fable, or when â€Å"animals are given human qualities and are involved in clever tales that preach a moral lesson† (The Center for Learning 31). In the tale, Chanticleer is a rooster who is given human characteristics. He talks throughout the story, showing his human like features. â€Å"Here men may see that dreams are to be feared† (Chaucer 316). The entire tale tells the story of Chanticleer and his seven wives.

One offers a sliding fee and charges $110 to $119 per session

As a very concerned friend and one that has the background to realize that what my friend is undergoing is bordering on severe depression, I   know that she should really seek professional help. Although therapy is expensive, there are certain measures that could be used as an alternative to therapy, but I would be more comfortable if she will go to counseling.This is why I researched a number of internet resources to really identify the best sources for reputable and accredited psychologists, as much as possible I would want her to not be under medication because in counseling she would have a better chance of developing the skills she would need for healthy adjustment to life’s challenges.In psychotherapy, she would be given anti-depression drugs and sometimes it is not as helpful as it is meant to be, and I fear that she may only become dependent on the drugs instead of really learning and realizing her problems and issues.I found the Psych Central website very informativ e and helpful. It has a list of help centers where the fees are not that expensive and some of the sessions can be done online, on the other hand, it also has a list of accredited psychologists and psychiatrists and their contact and office numbers as well as descriptions of their fields of expertise and work experience.I simply went online to find the resources, aside from Psych Central, I also found that San Jose, CA has a list of psychiatrists and psychologists on the yellow pages, but unless I have someone who can refer them, it is not much help.From the Psych Central resource list, I found two probable psychologists that are within the San Jose area, they both offer the first session free of charge and present a very comprehensive introduction to their practice. I feel comfortable with the approaches that the psychologists have on treatment and they have outstanding credentials.One offers a sliding fee and charges $110 to $119 per session and can be bargained if financially inc apable, likewise there is no need to pay for the sessions in advance which would suit my friend’s needs. The other site however does not indicate the schedule of fees.They both work with individuals in counseling and specialize in depression and adjustment problems. The first psychologist however accepts payment sessions through health insurance and she says that the client just have to contact the insurance provider before arranging the first session. This could be advantageous to my friend if she decides to use her insurance plan but I doubt that she would, but it is good to have options.The second therapist however requires that a personal call or an email be sent to her to settle the business side of the counseling sessions, which is basically positive in the sense that my friend would get to communicate with the therapist before she commits to visiting her and her practice is also within the San Jose area and can be checked out anytime if the need arises.I think that my friend would really benefit with the first counselor, she would be given the counseling that she very much needs within her own budget constraints, as well as be able to stay in her apartment and job for the psychologists are within her residence and job. If there is a need for her to be institutionalized, or if she thinks that she might be safer there, and then there are some available institutions in the area, but as for now, I am confident that she would work well with counseling.Resources:Psych Central.com for list of therapy centers found at: http://psychcentral.com/resources/Psychotherapy/Treatment_Centers/Dr. Lisa Shieldshttp://cms.psychologytoday.com/usnews/prof_detail.php?profid=40512&sid=1178634615.479_19565&city=San+Jose&county=Santa+Clara&state=CaliforniaSan Jose Therapy and Counseling.org with Maria Lloyd, MFT Therapist License #38399 check:http://www.sanjosetherapy.org/#depression  

Essay on Death of an Innocent, by Chris McCandless

In Death of an Innocent, Chris McCandless goes on a memorable and tragic journey into Alaska, but for most of his expedition he was known, not as Chris McCandless, but as Alexander Supertramp. The reason that he changed his name for his journey was because he is running away from his past and wanted to become the person he believed he really was. Chris McCandless had a very comfortable life of an upper-middle class citizen, with a good education and many opportunities. On a summer trip to California, Chris learned a life shattering secret, that he had actually had several half siblings. Everything he believed about his nice happy family was a lie. After learning this secret, he began to pull away from his family, by not telling them†¦show more content†¦Jay Gatsby was running away from his insignificant life to have a new start as someone spectacular. Chris McCandless tried to accomplish almost the same goal, but in reverse. Chris wanted to leave his privileged life and live a life in which he had nothing, while Gatsby wanted to the life of luxury and escape from the perils of the working class. Chris packed his bags and left to see the world and to depend on himself for survival. He talked to many people, helping them turn their life around to realize their own destiny. He became a new person, Alexander Supertramp, an unstoppable wilderness enthusiast. Until, eventually he was stopped. The name that Chris chose to go by is very important and says a lot about him. Chris was captivated by author Leo Tolstoy, especially because Tolstoy gave up a life of luxury and privilege to be among poverty. Chris probably took the inspiration for the name Alexander from Leo Tolstoy’s writing. Many of Tolstoy’s characters had names similar to Alexander, or it could have been inspired from Alexander I of Russia, as he appeared in War and Peace. As for Supertramp, it is a combination of two of Chris’ characteristics. Chris believed that he was pract ically invincible. His father quoted, â€Å"He [Chris] was good at almost everything he ever tried, which made him supremely overconfident. If you attempted to talk him out ofShow MoreRelatedEssay on Into the Wild: Book vs. Movie956 Words   |  4 Pagesthe varied stances taken on the main character himself. In case you’re not familiar, Into the Wild is based on the true story of Chris McCandless who, after graduating with honors from Emory University in 1990, gave his entire savings of twenty-four thousand dollars to charity and set off following his dream of living off the land in the Alaskan wilderness. McCandless made it to Alaska, but died shortly after taking residence in an abandoned bus; he probably passed from eating the wrong deadly plantRead MoreThe Character Traits of Chris McCandless1172 Words   |  5 PagesChristopher McCandless is seen by many individuals as an inspiration, an inspiration to not be afraid. â€Å"Chris was fearless even when he was little.à ¢â‚¬ (Walt McCandless) Chris’s father made a comment about how he believed Chris was fearless, Chris was a fearless individual even was he was just a young boy, he showed how he was fearless and brave, his strong character was acknowledged as a young age by his father and his family. How many people have packed up a few of their belongings and just took aRead MoreLabeling of McCandless in Jon Krakauers Into the Wild Essay1219 Words   |  5 Pagesto express his thoughts about his disapproval on what several people assume about Christopher McCandless, the main character. This people label McCandless stupid for leaving to Alaska without the vital equipment. To prove that he is not â€Å"stupid† for doing this he used appeal to pathos, appeal to logos and appeal to ethos. By comparing Krakauer’s own life experiences and other peoples too to McCandless, he gave a little perspective and demonstrated that the negative remarks of many people wereRead More Into the Wild by Jon Krakauer Essay840 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Wild by Jon Krakauer Chris McCandless was just a victim of his own obsession. The novel Into The Wild written by John Krakauer revealed the life of a young bright man named Chris McCandless who turned up dead in Alaska in summer 1992. In the novel, John Krakauer approached carefully McCandlesss life without putting too much authorial judgment to the readers. Although Chris McCandless remained an elusive figure throughout the novel, I can see Chris McCandless as a dreamy young idealist whoRead MoreCompare And Contrast A Lesson Before Dying And Into The Wild1696 Words   |  7 PagesThe Wild† are both books that defy the expected, tackle tough obstacles, and face the physical and mental extremes of life. Beginning with â€Å"Into The Wild†, Jon Krakauer leads us on a rich and insightful tour through the brash and lucid life of Chris McCandless. Followed by a well thought out, fiction novel featuring a sticky situation in a small Cajun community, â€Å"A Lesson Before Dying†, by Ernest J. Gaines. This split, self chosen, mini series takes us through a roller coaster of comparisons and contrastsRead MoreThe Movie Into The Wild Essay1248 Words   |  5 Pagesexperience that brings meaning to our life, and makes us feel alive. Two young men, Pete Fromm, the author and the narrator of Indian Creek Chronicles, and Chris McCandless played by Emile Hirsch as the main protagonist of the movie Into The Wild, directed by Sean Penn, that was developed from the article, â€Å"Death of an Innocent: How Christopher McCandless Lost His Way in the Wild† written by Jon Krakuer. Both go through life changing experiences, as they venture into the wilderness. Utilizing all threeRead MoreInto The Wild By Jon Krakauer1349 Words   |  6 PagesKrakauer is a true story about Chris McCandless who is found dead in the Alaskan wild during September 1992. After discovering that his father had a secret secondary family when Chris was young, Chris pushes away his friends and family an d eventually isolates himself. He obtains $25,000 from his parents by lying about attending law school and drives away from home, deserting his real name. He later leaves his car in Georgia after an engine breakdown due to rain damage. Chris goes through a series of eventsRead MoreInto the Wild Analysis Essay1481 Words   |  6 PagesChristopher Johnson McCandless walked alone into the Alaskan wilderness with very little equipment and food after traveling to various parts of North America during the course of two years. Regardless of living on his own with not many things for a couple of years, Chris died alone in a bus on the Stampede Trail in Alaska. Author Jon Krakauer wrote a 9,000 word article titled â€Å"Death of an Innocent† for the 1993 issue of the magazine Outside. Into the Wild is simply an extension of that articleRead MoreOur Relationship With Nature Explored in Jon Krakauers Into the Wild1107 Words   |  5 Pageslife and death of Chris McCandless, a young man that embarked on an Odyssey in the Alaskan wilderness. Like many people, McCandless believed that he could give his life meaning by pursuing a relationship with nature. He also believed that rejecting human relationships, abandoning his materialistic ways, and purchasing a book about wildlife would strengthen his relationship with nature. However, after spending several months enduring the extreme conditions of the Alaskan wilderness, McCandless’ beliefsRead MoreAnalysis of Jon Krakauer’s Into The Wild Essay example1594 Words   |  7 Pagesover time. Up to McCandless’s death, he wanted to live with the wild and to be away from civilization as far as possible. He changes his mind when he writes â€Å"HAPPINESS ONLY REAL WHEN SHARED† (189). His purpose of living in the wild is to live with freedom and do whatever he wishes to do. However, he realizes he was a â€Å"refuge in nature† (189) and intended to abandon his solitary life and rejoin th e human community. It is assumed that McCandless died a preventable death because of his unpreparedness